In pea plants, flower color is determined by gene P (allele P = purple; allele p = red). Pollen shape is determined by gene L (allele L = long pollen; allele l = round pollen).

A plant heterozygous for the dominant purple allele (P) and heterozygous for the dominant long pollen allele (L) was crossed with a plant that was recessive for both traits.

The phenotypes seen in the offspring are shown:

Purple, long 47

Red, round 47

Purple, round 3

Red, long 3

Answer Choices:

1) Genes P and L assort independently.
2) Genes P and L are close together on the same pair of homologous chromosomes.
3) Genes P and L are far apart on the same pair of homologous chromosomes.