Which of the following statements concerning pathology, infection, and disease is true?
The majority of microorganisms are pathogenic.
Microorganisms that make up the normal microbiota of an individual never cause disease.
The term infection is synonymous with the term disease.
Pathology refers to the study of structural and functional changes that occur in the body as a result of a disease.

Pathology refers to the study of structural and functional changes that occur in the body as a result of a disease.

Explanation:

Pathology can be defined as the study of diseases and this include the study of changes that occur within the body as a result of disease.

Majority of microbes do not cause diseases. Microbes that make up the normal microbiota of an individual can cause disease if the opportunity a arise for them to do so, for example if such individual becomes immuno-compromised. Infection is different from disease, while the former refers to the onset of penetration of microbes, the later has to do with manifestation of ill-health as a result of infection.