Why can competition between different species harm both species?

In certain cases species can be competing between each other over some finite resource. For instance, food. If there are two species of wolves in one area and they're both competing at obtaining food by hunting deer they could each eat just enough to keep them both weak by having to share the food instead of one winning out over the other and taking it all.

regulation of gene expression. gene expression can be regulated by various cellular processes with the aim to control the amount and nature of the expressed genes. these regulatory proteins bind to dna and send signals that indirectly control the rate of gene expression

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