You are a research scientist for the pharmaceutical company AstraZeneca working on a tumor-agnostic treatment for lung cancer. This treatment will be based on which of the following?

A. The blood type of the patient.
B. The type of lung tissue in which the cancer originated.
C. The size of the tumor.
D. The cancer's genetic make-up.

Which is an advantage of having memory cells when a pathogen is encountered for a second time. a) the memory cells are what proliferate into clones of cells in response to the binding of an antigen. b) memory cells are vital to the primary immune response in that they immediately recognize pathogens even at the first encounter. c) memory cells are essentially effector cells that are short lived and attack antigens even without having a receptor specific to that antigen. d) it ensures that more lymphocytes with a receptor specific to a particular antigen will be present than in a host that had never encountered that pathogen.