Cacti typically grow in very dry climates with infrequent rainfall. When it does rain, the rain usually only penetrates a few inches into the soil. Which adaptation is most likely to help a cactus survive in the dry climate

The question is incomplete as it does not have the options which are:

extensive shallow roots that absorb water

Explanation:

The cactus plants is adapted to grow in the dry, arid and hot conditions. The main adaptations of this plants includes that the enough water must be absorbed from the soil,  the water must be conserved in the plants and at the same time water is not lost into the atmosphere, the plant is protected from the herbivores and others.

In the given condition, if the plant is exposed to a rainfall in the arid condition in which the plant is not able to go underground and is absorbed at the surface then the plant will survive by its hallow roots which does not penetrate the soil but remains on the surface and will absorb the water.

Thus, the selected option is correct.

extensive shallow roots that absorb water

Explanation:

The other description was too long.

this would be a math

not sure if this is what you'r looking for eubacteria and archaebacteria