To apply parsimony to constructing a phylogenetic tree, To apply parsimony to constructing a phylogenetic tree, choose the tree that assumes all evolutionary changes are equally probable. choose the tree that represents the fewest evolutionary changes in either DNA sequences or morphology. choose the tree in which the branch points are based on as many shared derived characters as possible. base phylogenetic trees only on the fossil record, as this provides the simplest explanation for evolution. choose the tree with the fewest branch points.

the answer is z.

the human body has five levels of organization. level 1: cells. cells are the basic units of life and form the first level of organization. cells in the human body have specific functions. examples include nerve cells, blood cells, liver cells, and so on.

osteogenesis imperfecta (oi) refers to a congenital ailment of bones. in the condition, the bones become brittle or fragile. this ailment is a general result of the defect or mutations in the genes (colia1 or colia2). this mutation results in imperfect collagen formation either in quantity or quality wise.  

there are eight kinds of oi defects, and each kind varies with certain distinctions in symptoms. the usual symptoms include frequent bone fractures, loss of hearing in infants, protruding eyes, discoloration of the white in the eyes, respiratory issues, loosening of the joints, short stature, and other symptoms.