At first glance, fermentation of pyruvate to lactate appears to be an optional add-on reaction to glycolysis. After all, could cells growing in the absence of oxygen not simply discard pyruvate as a waste product? In the absence of fermentation, which products derived from glycolysis would accumulate in cells under anaerobic conditions? Could the metabolism of glucose via the glycolytic pathway continue in the absence of oxygen in cells that cannot carry out fermentation? Why or why not?

No, glycolysis can not be continued without fermentation in the absence of oxygen.

Explanation:

In the absence of oxygen, cells perform fermentation to oxidize NADH into NAD+. NAD+ is required during the conversion of glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate into 1,3 bisphosphoglycerate. Fermentation reduces pyruvate and oxidizes NADH so that the NAD+ supply is continued to ensure continuity of glycolysis.

If fermentation does not occur under anaerobic conditions, cells will accumulate pyruvate and NADH. Glycolysis could not be continued in the absence of NAD+.

answer: wheres the options

explanation:

cells use diffusion to get substances in and out of themselves. that diffusion will occur across the cell membrane or the outer covering of the cell. because we are talking about the surface of the cell, surface area and volume are  important factors here. as a cell increases in size, its surface area and volume increase as well.  we call that the surface area to volume ratio (sa: vol).  but the catch is that  volume increases at a greater rate than surface  area. in other words, as a cell gets bigger, the sa: vol gets smaller. so a really small cell like bacteria is mostly cell membrane (surface) with very little contents (volume). a really big cell like an egg, is mostly insides with a super thin membrane. so what ends up happening is that the cell cannot efficiently diffuse all of the stuff it needs in/out to survive. therefore cell size is limited to about 100mm. so how do we make organisms bigger than 100mm? cells divide! by dividing and becoming multicellular, organisms are able to grow!   check out the diagrams i attached to see the effect of sa: vol. i hope this ! good luck!