The venom of black widow spiders (Latrodectus mactans) contains an enzyme that hydrolyzes lecithin to the phospholipid lysolecithin. The lysolecithin lyses red blood cells, destroying them. One possible mechanism whereby lysolecithin disrupts the plasma membranes of red blood cells is that it:

A. may act in a manner similar to detergents.

B. is toxic to red blood cells.

C. acts as a second messenger to stimulate apoptosis.

D. binds calcium ions, compromising membrane integrity.

E. None of the above is a possible mechanism.

Option B) is toxic to red blood cells.

Explanation:

Partial hydrolysis of lecithin by lecithinases (enzyme in black widow spiders and snakes venom) causes the removal of only one fatty acid to yield lysolecithins, which when subjected to the bloodstream by sting as a result of spider bite causes the rupture of red blood cells.

Thus, the mechanism is that it is toxic to red blood cells.

hydroxyl -oh

alcohols, always polar, can form hydrogen bonds with h2o molecules

carboxyl -cooh  

cargoxylic acids, has acidic properties which is a source of hydrogen ions, found in cells in ionized for with a charge of oh-1

carbonyl > co

ketone if within skeleton, aldehyde if group is at the end of skeleton, k & a may be structural isomers, it determines 2 sugars (ketose & aldose)

amino -nh2

amines, acts as a base, it can pick up h+ ions from surrounding solution, ionized with charge of 1+

methyl ch2

addition to rna/dna affects and gene expression

phosphate -opo3 ²⁻

organic phosphates, contributes to negative charge to, molecule that it is a part of, and potential to react with h20

sulfhydryl -sh

thiols, cross-linking stabilize the protein, and it is structure

this is a good question! i'll do some research and come back when i have the answer!