How might a single base INSERTION into the second codon of the coding sequence of a gene affect the amino acid sequence of a protein encoded by the gene?
A single extra amino acid would be present in the protein.
The amino acid sequence would be altered.
The mutation may have no effect on amino acid sequence.
A single amino acid could change.
All of the above are possible outcomes.

The amino acid sequence would be altered.

Explanation:

Due to the triplet nature of gene expression by codons, insertion of a single base into a gene disrupt the reading frame (known as frameshift mutation), or the grouping of the codons, resulting in a completely different translation from the original.

Thus, the amino acid sequence would be altered

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the cell cycle is the final answer! : )