Which of these pieces of laboratory equipment should be used to measure liquid from the bottom of the meniscus that forms in the glassware?

Graduated cylinders, volumetric cylinders or measuring cylinders.

Explanation: these are usually used in measuring the volume of liquids. The process involved in their measurement to ensure accuracy is to observe at eye level from a level surface and then take reading from the bottom meniscus (the curved surface of liquids — a property of liquids in enclosed spaces). the volume on graduated cylinders is shown on measuring devices such as the above mentioned for purpose of accuracy, with three significant digits. For example, 500mL cylinders will have 1ml grading divisions.

i'm thinking (a) to keep sand in place; ////////////

explanation: a sand fence or sandbreak, like a snow fence, is used to force windblown, drifting sand to accumulate in a desired place. sand fences are employed to control erosion, sand dune stabilization, keep sand off roadways, and to recruit new material in desert areas.

nucleus

would be most reasonable answer tbh