In the pedigree below, squares represent males and circles represent females. individuals who express a particular trait are represented by shaded figures. which of the following patterns of inheritance best explains the transmission of the trait?
a) sex-linked dominant
b) sex-linked recessive
c) autosomal recessive
d) autosomal dominant

"Autosomal dominant" patterns of inheritance best explains the transmission of the trait.

Option D

Explanation:

In single-gene disorders there are several fundamental inheritance modes: autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, X-linked dominant and X-linked recessive. Nevertheless, these patterns will not be observed by all genetic conditions, and other unusual inheritance mechanisms such as mitochondrial inheritance occur.

Autosomal dominant is an inheritance pattern in which an individual affected has one xerox of a mutant gene and one normal gene on a pair of autosomal chromosomes. Autosomal dominant is one of many ways in which families may transmit a trait or disorder. If one get the abnormal gene from just one parent in an autosomal dominant disorder, than he/she can get the disease.

"menstrual cycle is a complex cycle that consists of several processes. order of occurrence of steps in menstrual cycle are as follows:

1. high progesterone levels maintain the endometrium lining of the uterus.

2. endometrium lining breaks down and low levels of estrogen stimulate the pituitary to release fsh and lh.

3. fsh and lh stimulates the follicles to develop and the oocyte to produce estrogen.

4. rising estrogen levels suppress fsh production and development of other follicles.

5. a spike in lh causes follicle to rupture.

6. a breakdown of corpus luteum causes progesterone level to drop."