4. brown hair (b) is dominant to blond hair (b). if there are 168 brown haired people in a population of 200: what is the predicted frequency of heterozygotes? 0.48 what is the predicted frequency of homozygous dominant? 0.36 what is the predicted frequency of homozygous recessive? 0.16

q = √0.16 which = 0.4

q² = frequency of homozygous recessive = 0.16

p = 0.6

p² = frequency of homozygous dominant = p X p = 0.6 X 0.6 = 0.36

2pq = frequency of heterozygous dominant = 0.48

Explanation:

In this question it is shown that brown hair is dominant over blond hair.

The total population of people with both brown hair and blond hair = 200

Brown-haired = homozygous brown (BB) + heterozygous brown (Bb) = 168

Using the Hardy Weinberg equation we can calculate frequencies.

This equation is written as p² + 2pq + q² = 1

Blond hair (bb) = (Total population) 200 - 168 (Brown haired) = 32

Percent of Blond hair of total population = 16% or 0.16 which is equal to q²

q² = frequency of homozygous recessive = 0.16

q = √0.16 which = 0.4

Sum of both frequencies = 100% = p + q = 1

so p = 1 - q

p = 1 - 0.4

p = 0.6

p² = frequency of homozygous dominant = p X p = 0.6 X 0.6 = 0.36

2pq = Frequency of heterozygous brown hair

2pq = 2(0.6)(0.4) = 0.48

2pq = frequency of heterozygous dominant = 0.48

4.) metal

"-the movement of carbon from the nonliving environment into living things and back to the environment

-carbon is the essential component of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates (which make up all organisms)

-carbon exists in air, water, and living organisms

-producers convert carbon dioxide in the atmosphere into carbohydrates during photosynthesis

-bacteria in the atmosphere cycles through the system in filtration units

-in cellular respiration, carbon is released back into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide

-some carbon is stored in limestone (forming one of the largest "carbon sinks" on earth)

-largest carbon reservoir on earth= limestone

-carbon stored in the bodies of organisms as fat, oils, or other molecules may be released into the soil or air when the organism dies

-this may form deposits of coal, oil, or natural gas (fossil fuels, which increased the atmospheric carbon dioxide)

-fossil fuels store carbon left over from bodies of organisms that died millions of years ago

-they are located in the surface of earth, deep within the earth and beneath the ocean floor."