Ascientist performs an experiment that uses a chemical inhibitor to inhibit a kinase enzyme in a signaling pathway and this results in a decrease in signaling. if the scientist wanted to be sure that this kinase was indeed responsible for the decrease in signaling, which of the following would be the best to use? a. use of luciferaseb. use of antibodiesc. use of another inhibitor that targets a unrelated kinase. d. use of sirna to the kinase mrna in question. e. none of the above

The correct answer is option D. "Use of siRNA to the kinase mRNA in question".

Explanation:

Small interfering RNA (siRNA), also known as interfering or silencing RNA, is a small molecule of RNA (20-25 base pairs) that binds to a particular region of a messenger RNA, avoiding its translation into protein. These type of interfering molecules are often used to silence genes and corroborate their function by analyzing what are the biological consequences of avoiding their translation into protein. Therefore, if a scientist wants to know if a kinase is indeed responsible for the decrease in signaling, a good option is to use a siRNA to the kinase mRNA in question.

step 1: initiation

initiation is the beginning of transcription. it occurs when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

step 2: elongation

elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

step 3: termination

termination is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.

d. cellulose and starch