Nancy is in her building elevator going down to the lobby when the elevator stops suddenly between floors, and the doors won't open. nancy's heart starts pounding, and her palms start sweating. in this scenario, nancy's physiological responses can be best attributed to her nervous system.

Sympathetic nervous system

Explanation:

The sympathetic nervous system is a component of the autonomic nervous system that is responsible for the involuntary actions of the body, such as breathing, heart rate, and digestion.  

The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the body’s reaction to threat or distress by initiating "fight-or-flight" responses which are mostly physiological.

As Nancy perceives a threat to her safety, causing her to worry the more, the part of her brain called amygdala sends across a distress signal to the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus then sends a signal to the autonomous nervous system, which activates the sympathetic nervous system, prompting the adrenal glands to secrete the epinephrine hormone. The secretion of this hormone into the blood system is what initiates the several physiological responses exhibited by Nancy which are termed "fight-or-flight" responses.

so whats the answer

it has to be understood that the sea water contains a huge amount of sodium and chlorine ions and if they enter the cell of the atlantic cod fish, the cell will shrivel and the fish will die. to avoid such a condition, the fish uses active transport for the purpose of removing the ions against the gradient.

explanation:

the atlantic cod is not a maritime osmoconformer. its native application of salts is less than that of the seawater it lives in. it is continually falling water from the gills to the ocean via osmosis.

countering that, the fish is going to be swallowing seawater. but since its internal collection of salts is lower than seawater, the fish will want to go free of excess salt, and since that's going upon a gradient, then active transport, requiring energy, must be used to pump out the salt. much marine fish use the organs to filter out the salt and these fish discharge very straight urine.