Every hiv particle contains two rna molecules. if two genes from one rna moleculebecome detached and then, as a unit, get attached to one end of the other rna moleculewithin a single hiv particle, which of these is true? a) there are now fewer genes within the viral particle. b) there are now more genes within the viral particle. c) a point substitution mutation has occurred in the retroviral genome. d) the retroviral equivalent of crossing over has occurred, no doubt resulting in aheightened positive effect. e) one of the rna molecules has experienced gene duplication as the result oftranslocation.

One of the RNA molecules has experienced gene duplication as the result of translocation.

Explanation:

Translocation and duplication are some of the structural abnormalities in the chromosomes that may even cause certain genetic disorders. Duplication is the presence of a genetic segment for more than one time in the chromosome. The repeated genetic segments are mostly present in the tandem pattern. When a chromosome fragment breaks off and attaches to a non-homologous chromosome, it is called translocation. It leads to the deletion of a genetic segment in one chromosome and duplication in the other.

According to the given information, a genetic segment bearing two genes is detached from one RNA and gets attached to the other RNA molecule of the HIV genome. Therefore, the RNA molecule has undergone translocation and has lost a genetic segment while the other has gained a genetic segment (duplication) due to translocation.

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he forelimbs below belong to four species that descended in a direct line from the ancestral mammal shown above. of the four descendants shown, which species most likely appeared earliest in evolutionary history?