4. which statement about energy
transformations is not true?
a all forms of energy can be transformed
into thermal energy.
energy is never destroyed or created
during transformations.
© potential chemical energy always
transforms into kinetic energy.
d. some thermal energy is always released
during a transformation.

The model illustrates a process by which a substance is taken up by a cell

The kidney filters potentially toxic substances in the blood, and thus “clears” the blood of those substances. this clearance function is dependent upon and proportional to the diffusion gradient of the substance across filtering capillaries, i.e. if the concentration of the substance is doubled, twice as much will be cleared from each ml of blood that is filtered. suppose that the body produces a constant amount of a substance x per unit of time. the kidneys eliminate substance x at a rate directly proportional to the concentration of the substance and the volume of blood cleared each minute (c): elimination = c × [x], where [x] is the steady-state concentration of substance x. imagine an individual with an initial concentration of x equal to [x]0 who develops kidney disease. her baseline clearance c0 drops to one half of the original (½c0). what is the new steady state concentration of x? (for simplicity, assume that substance x is 100% filtered by the kidney).

Recommend a strategy for incorporating sustainable human activity into a tropical rain forest biome.