Lichens and mosses, followed by grasses and shrubs, slowly take root on a newly formed volcanic island. eventually the grasses and shrubs are replaced by pine trees, which remain as a stable community. what is the role of pine trees in the island ecosystem?
a. climax community
b. pionner community
c. intermediate community

i believe the answer is a or 1

answer: national resource conservation services

national resource conservation services is the us. based approach that provides technical and financial assistance for natural resource management. nrcs society in conservation of resources by involving in activities like farmland protection, flood prevention, watershed protection, urban conservation, conserves economic and environmental conditions. it conducts soil surveys and implements the policy of natural resources management on the society.