Question number 3
site a is pavement. site b is bare soil. site c is a forest. soil erosion caused by runoff will
be greatest at site
be greatest at site

Site B

Explanation:

Bare soil doesn't have any protection for runoff, and it will be washed away. This is why crops have fallow between harvests, its not only to preserve nutrients in the soil, but also to prevent the soil itself from washing off. Runoff is how hills etc can be eroded over time.

the principles and empirical processes of discovery and demonstration considered characteristic of or necessary for scientific investigation, generally involving the observation of phenomena, the formulation of a hypothesis concerning the phenomena, experimentation to test the hypothesis, and development of a conclusion that confirms, rejects, or modifies the hypothesis.

c. heat from the poles back down towards the equator.