As urine moves through a nephron, it is modified by ions, water, and other materials either being secreted into the fluid or by efflux of substances out of the urine. however, such modifications do not occur in which one of the following regions of the nephron?
a. proximal tubule
b. loop of henle
c. bowmans capsule
d. distal tubule
e. collecting duct

The correct answer is c. bowmans capsule

Explanation:

The bowman's capsule is a cup-shaped dilation which surrounds the glomerulus( tuft of capillaries). Bowman's capsule makes the first part of the nephron. Water and other solutes pass from the blood moving through the glomerulus into the Bowmans capsule due to glomerular blood pressure.

Then this filtrate passes through other part of nephron like PCT, Henle loop, DCT and collecting duct where secretion and absorption of substance and water takes place to make urine.  

So Bowman's capsule just collects filtrate from the glomerulus and passes it to PCT, therefore, such modification does not occur in Bowman's capsule.

b.

hoped i

explanation:

fertilization, pictured in figure 24.23a is the process in which gametes (an egg and sperm) fuse to form a zygote. the egg and sperm each contain one set of chromosomes. to ensure that the offspring has only one complete diploid set of chromosomes, only one sperm must fuse with one egg. in mammals, the egg is protected by a layer of extracellular matrix consisting mainly of glycoproteins called the zona pellucida. when a sperm binds to the zona pellucida, a series of biochemical events, called the acrosomal reactions, take place. in placental mammals, the acrosome contains digestive enzymes that initiate the degradation of the glycoprotein matrix protecting the egg and allowing the sperm plasma membrane to fuse with the egg plasma membrane, as illustrated in figure 24.23b. the fusion of these two membranes creates an opening through which the sperm nucleus is transferred into the ovum. the nuclear membranes of the egg and sperm break down and the two haploid genomes condense to form a diploid genome.

explanation: