After removing 30 of 40 insects from the population of five different colors, the ten that are left come in only two colors, red and blue. all of the offspring that they produce are also red and blue. this would be an example of

the bottleneck effect

Explanation:

Based on the information provided within the question it can be said that this is an example of the bottleneck effect. This term refers to the loss of a specific amount of diversity within a population during some event, in which the surviving members only survived by complete luck and would replay the same way. This is what happened with the loss of all the other colored insects except for red and blue.

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