What happens to e coli when lactose is not present

A17-year-old primigravida is admitted in early labor. her cervix is 2 to 3 cm dilated and 100% effaced. the fetus is cephalic, and the presenting part is at –1 station. her membranes are intact. the patient is holding her boyfriend's hand tightly and breathing rapidly with each contraction. she tells the nurse in a shaky voice, "i'm so nervous. i've never been in a hospital before. i don't know anything about labor or if i can do this." what is an appropriate nursing diagnosis for this patient?

Which is an advantage of having memory cells when a pathogen is encountered for a second time. a) the memory cells are what proliferate into clones of cells in response to the binding of an antigen. b) memory cells are vital to the primary immune response in that they immediately recognize pathogens even at the first encounter. c) memory cells are essentially effector cells that are short lived and attack antigens even without having a receptor specific to that antigen. d) it ensures that more lymphocytes with a receptor specific to a particular antigen will be present than in a host that had never encountered that pathogen.

Humans are believed to have evolved in coastal regions in east africa. the region had an abundant supply of fish for early humanoids to eat. when scientists analyze the fads gene they see an interesting pattern. people whose families have lived in this area of east africa for generation show a high level of diversity in alleles for the fads gene. conversely, people whose families had migrated inland a moderate distance from sources of fish showed a much lower diversity for fads gene alleles. additionally, the fads alleles found in people whose family has lived inland for generation are almost all gene alleles which produce fads proteins with a high level of function and activity. how do anthropologists explain this?