Carbon is released into the atmosphere
a. respiration and burning fossil fuels
b. burning of fossil fuels and photosynthesis
c. respiration and fixation
d. respiration and photosynthesis

The diagram illustrates the activity of vesicles during a cellular process.

You have a solution that contains phospholipid vesicles in a test tube. these vesicles have phospholipid bilayers, but do not contain any membrane transporters. you add a number of different molecules to the solution, and wait a period of time for them to equilibrate. if you could measure the concentration of each molecule, for which of the following would you expect to measure equal concentrations inside and outside of the vesicles? assume for this question that the overall osmolarity inside and outside the vesicles is the same (that is, there is no appreciable diffusion of water across the membrane). (select two answers) an amino acid with a hydrophobic side-chain a small non-polar molecule a negatively charged ion a small polar molecule a small lipid hormone

4. rat liver is able to metabolize glucose by both the glycolytic and the pentose phosphate pathway. which of the following are properties of both the glycolytic and pentose phosphate pathway? a. nad+ is involved b. co2 is liberated c. phosphate esters are intermediates d. glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is an intermediate e. fructose 6-phosphate is an intermediate4. rat liver is able to metabolize glucose by both the glycolytic and the pentose phosphate pathway. which of the following are properties of both the glycolytic and pentose phosphate pathway? a. nad+ is involved b. co2 is liberated c. phosphate esters are intermediates d. glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is an intermediate e. fructose 6-phosphate is an intermediate