5. are pests in our subdivisions (raccoons squirrels armadillos, moles) the decline of coral reefs in our oceans,
and the vanishing of trees all linked to the disappearance of predators

Obviously not. Pests in our subdivisions don't have any negative affect on nature. HUMANS are the main reason for the destruction of our nature. We pollute oceans and destroy forests and homes for creatures. The "pests" that you refer to actually vanishing themselves due to our destruction causing their predators to disappear.

step 1: initiation

initiation is the beginning of transcription. it occurs when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

step 2: elongation

elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

step 3: termination

termination is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.

a. to encourage apoptosis