One of the accepted scientific theories describing the origin of life on earth is known as chemical evolution. according to this theory:

Explanation:

Life evolved from various chemical reaction that took place on the prebiotic Earth. According to this theory The conditions of prebiotic Earth favoured some chemical evolution that gave rise to a large number of organic molecules. These organic molecules were formed in anoxic and reducing conditions.After the synthesis of these organic matter the seas were converted in hot dilute prebiotic soup or primordial soup. This was then followed by the development of simplest physicochemical system which had characteristics of self organisation, regulation, perpetuation etc.

the answer is b: 1.4 km/hr

the most common type of reef is the fringing reef. this type of reef grows seaward directly from the shore. they form borders along the shoreline and surrounding islands.