23.
the fruiting body of penicillium is called
a. perithecium b. cleistothecium
c. apothecium d. stroma

Cleistothecium

Explanation:

Penicillium has both asexual and sexual forms of reproduction. The sexual reproduction takes place by germination of ascospores formed in ascus.  Fruiting body that contains the ascospores is of cleistothecia type.  There are many asci in each cleistothecium. Each ascus contains eight ascospores.  When an ascospore germinates it forms new mycelium. Hyphae that anchor the mycelium to the substrate are called rhizoids.

estuaries are the partially enclosed coastal bodies of brackish water formed at the mouth of sea where river meets an ocean. it is a transition zone between river and sea water so estuaries are influenced to both marine environment such as tides, waves and to riverine such as flow of fresh water and sediments. the mixing of sea and fresh water provide high level of nutrients, making estuaries a high product habitats.

many estuaries suffers degradation from a variety of human activities like erosion from deforestation, overgrazing, overfishing, drainage and eutrophication.

so from the above statement answers will be

1. false as estuaries are formed due to both brackish and freshwater.

2.true, due to high productivity estuaries are breeding ground for many marine species.

3. direct and indirect activities of man that contribute to pollution and deposition of sediments.