Phosphorylation cascades involving a series of protein kinases are useful for cellular signal transduction because:
a. they are species specific.
b. they always lead to the same cellular response.
c. they amplify the original signal manyfold.
d. they counter the harmful effects of phosphatases.
e. the number of molecules used is small and fixed.

c. they amplify the original signal manyfold.

Explanation:

Phosphorylation cascades refers to a chain reaction that causes the phosphorylates of a vast quantity of proteins and is usually discovered in cellular signal transduction. This is because this chain reaction causes the signal transductions to be amplified manyfold within the body. Therefore making it extremely useful.

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