Amanufacturing company dumps its wastes into a nearby pond. one of the wastes is found to paralyze the contractile vacuoles of certain protists. a biologist looking at individual samples of these organisms taken from the pond would find that they
- have gained water and burst.
- have lost water and shrunk. have died of malnutrition.
- are surviving but are unable to reproduce.
- have died because wastes have built up in the cytoplasm.

have gained water and burst.

Explanation:

Vacuoles are large vesicles originating from the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgiense complex. They are membrane cell structures and are therefore typical of eukaryotic cells. They have selective membrane, like all cell membranes. Thus, the content inside the vacuole is different from the cytoplasmic content.

There are different types of vacuoles, but in protists it is common to have contractile type vacuoles, whose main function is to pump the excess water inside the cell out of it. This pumping of water ensures that the body maintains its ion and molecule concentrations in the desired amount and does not rupture. In addition, this vacuole is also responsible for excretion.

However, a manufacturing company has dumped its waste into a nearby lake, and this waste has the ability to paralyze the contractile vacuoles of certain protists. After an analysis, a biologist would see that the vacuoles gained excess water and burst.

have died because wastes have built up in the cytoplasm

Explanation:

Contractile vacuoles are types of organelles found in protist that are used to discard waste from the organisms. Once this organelle is paralyzed, no waste will be removed thus leading to the acccumulation of the toxins in the system.

The organisms would not lose water or gain since there is a concentration difference between the internal and external environment; the external environment is polluted.

not only is it colder, it also becomes darker, less salty, and more dense.