What suggests that these new populations are not an expansion of the lionfish’s natural range?
a. lionfish are native to the tropical pacific. there are no natural water routes of warm water between the pacific and atlantic oceans.
b. lionfish are native to cold waters near the tip of south america. they could not survive in the warmer waters between their native areas and the colder waters of the east coast of the united states.
so, it is very unlikely that these south american populations naturally spread north.
c. lionfish are not good swimmers and have no other mechanisms to spread their populations over great distances.
d. lionfish eat only a few specific types of algae that live in isolated regions of the pacific.
d. if lionfish spread much beyond their native pacific home, they would have nothing to eat.

Option (a).

Explanation:

The expansion of any population depends on the physical environment and the availability of food. The population that has large tolerance range can spread and expand its population.

Lionfish lives natively in the tropical pacific. The natural range of lionfish is narrow. In the pacific, no natural routes of warm water are available between the Atlantic and pacific ocean. Due to this reason, the new population expansion is not the expansion of lionfish natural range.

Thus, the correct answer is option (a).

an individual’s sex (i.e., whether they are a male or female) is determined by the sex chromosomes. most people have two sex chromosomes, one that is inherited from their mother and one that is inherited from their father. typically, females have two x chromosomes (xx) and males have one x chromosome and one y chromosome (xy). conditions caused by changes (“mutations”) in genes located on the x chromosome are considered x-linked.

x-linked recessive inheritance

most x-linked conditions are recessive. this means that in a person with two x chromosomes (most females), both copies of a gene (i.e., one on each x chromosome) must have a change or mutation whereas in a person with one x chromosome (most males), only one copy of a gene must have a mutation. a female with a mutation in one copy of a gene on the x chromosome is said to be a “carrier” for an x-linked condition. a male with a mutation in a gene on the x chromosome is typically affected with the condition. because females have two copies of the x chromosome and males have only one x chromosome, x-linked recessive diseases are more common among males than females. however, x-linked recessive diseases can occur in both males and females.

for x-linked recessive disorders, an unaffected carrier mother who has a mutation in a gene on the x chromosome can transmit either the x chromosome with this mutation or a “normal” x chromosome to her children. if the father is unaffected, none of her daughters will be affected and all of her daughters will be unaffected—since they will inherit at least one normal x chromosome from their father. however, each daughter will have a 50% chance of being an unaffected carrier like her mother and a 50% chance of both x chromosomes being normal.

its temperature is increasing. this causes molecular vibrations to increase.