Which of the following membrane activities require energy from atp hydrolysis?
a) facilitated diffusion of chloride ions across the membrane through a chloride channel
b) movement of water into a cell
c) na⁺ ions moving out of a mammalian cell bathed in physiological saline
d) movement of glucose molecules into a bacterial cell from a medium containing a higher concentration of glucose than inside the cell
e) movement of carbon dioxide out of a paramecium

Explain the cellular functions that occur when antibiotics attack a bacteria cell. a. antibiotics target the cell wall, cell membrane, and the processes of protein and nucleic acids production in bacteria to rupture the cell. b. antibiotics create dormant resistant endospores to preserve the genetic material and rupture the cell. c. antibiotics target the cell wall and form a bridge-like connection to form conjugation. d. antibiotics use binary fission to grow twice its size, replications its dna, and split into two cells.