Propionibacterium a. produces propionic acid. b. produces lactic acid. c. is responsible for the holes in swiss cheese. d. requires aerobic environments. e. produces propionic acid and is responsible for the holes in swiss cheese.

E. produces propionic acid AND is responsible for the holes in Swiss cheese.

Explanation:

Propionibacterium is an anaerobic bacteria that perform fermentation for energy production. Propionibacterium converts the lactic acid into pyruvic acid.

The pyruvic acid enters the Kreb's cycle resulting in the formation of propionic acid and CO2. The carbon dioxide gas formed during the process imparts holes to the Swiss Cheese during its ripening process.

d. changes in climate and historical records

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