You set up the following cross: aa: bb: cc: dd x aa: bb: cc: dd what proportion of the offspring should have the genotype aa: bb: cc: dd? assume all alleles represented by capital letters are dominant and all genes are independently assorting.

The correct answer is 1/64

Explanation:

Given cross is AaBbCcDd x aaBbCcdd

Now, if we consider the cross Aa x aa, the probability of having Aa is 2/4

Similarly, for Bb x Bb, the probability of having bb is 1/4

Cc x Cc, probability of having CC is 1/4

Dd x dd, probability of having dd is 2/4

Thus, the probability or proportion of the offspring to have genotype AabbCCdd = 2/4 x 1/4 x 1/4 x 2/4 = 4/256 = 1/64

Thus, only one out of 64 offspring is expected to have this genotype.

Alternatively, one can draw the Punnett square of AaBbCcDd x aaBbCcdd

Total number of possible genotype combination which can be formed from above cross can be found using the formula 2ⁿ where n is the number of heterozygous pairs.

In AaBbCcDd, there are 4 heterzygous pair and in aaBbCcdd, there are 2 heterozygous pairs.

Thus, n =6

2⁶ = 64

16 type of gametes will be formed by AaBbCcDd and 4 types of gametes will be formed by aaBbCcdd.

d concave shape of wave rock

explanation:

the concave shape of wave rock is a very good evidence that supports the evolution of earth due to chemical weathering. if we talk about structure of   wave rock, studies have estimated that it is around 2.7 billion years old. it also serves as the foundation of evidence that it was the place where australian continent began to form.

how the structure of wave rock was created?

studies suggest that structure of wave rock was created when the surrounded area was started to weather due to which deposition of material started on the part of land which now contains wave rock.

the structure of wave rock is considered to be one of the best-known landforms in australia. at the height of around 15 cm, there can be found flared slopes which formulate the margins of hyden rock. it is now assumed by geologists that wave rock was created by subsurface water-induced weathering and not by glaciers, waves or wind.

due to deposition of material over the period of long time, the wave rock became tougher and tougher due to weathering from surrounding terrain. this makes it a physical evidence that supports   the evolution of earth due to chemical weathering.

hope it !

those characteristics are cellular organization, reproduction, metabolism, homeostasis, heredity, response to stimuli, growth and development, and adaptation through evolution. some things, such as a virus, demonstrate only a few of these characteristics and are, therefore, not alive