What is the non-reducing and reducing end of a sugar? how is a reducing sugar determined?

Which of the following is an abiotic factor in an ecosystem? a. bacteriab. airc. niched. grass(abiotic=non-living) me !

Which force diagram accurately represents a satellite in orbit around earth? image for option 1 image for option 2 image for option 3 image for option 4

Azoologist is studying four very closely related feline species. she wishes to compare their gestation periods. an observational study is conducted where the zoologist observes the gestation period of 50 randomly selected felines in each species. a one-way anova test is run to test the hypothesis that the average gestation period is the same for each of the four species. a level of significance of 0.05 is used, and a p-value of 0.01 is calculated. based on this result, the conclusion that can be drawn is that: