The plant family known as is characterized by simple, exstipulate leaves that may be entire to pinnately lobed, and alternate or opposite; perfect and irregular flowers having four to five united petals with two lobes on the upper lip and three lobes on the lower lip; and typically with four stamens, although some have a staminode that is smaller or larger than the other stamens. the calyx is composed of four or five sepals, usually partially fused at the base, and the fruit is a septicidal capsule with numerous tiny seeds. medicinal species include verbascum, euphrasia, pedicularis, and veronica.

Orobanchaceae

Explanation:

You don’t have to know about the characteristic of the family to inferred which is the plant family that they ask you for, the key part of the question is in the last paragraph:

“Medicinal species include Verbascum, Euphrasia, Pedicularis, and Veronica.”

The taxonomic ranges for organisms comes from species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom and lastly domain. If they give you the common name of the species, you only have to search for which family belongs these species.

They all belong to the Orobanchaceae Family

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"d.) carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide"