Why does translation terminate when the ribosome reaches a stop codon? what happens?

The translation is a process which synthesizes the protein by reading the information encoded in the codons. The translation proceeds in three stages: initiation, elongation and termination.

During termination, the translation process stops or terminates after the ribosome reads the non-sense codons which are UAG, UGA and UAA. These non-sense codons do not have any specific tRNA due to which the ribosomes terminate the process and release the nascent polypeptide formed from the E-site of the ribosome.

Thus, the release of the polypeptides is the final event of translation.

well, that's easy; the answer's c, "it reduces contamination of the water and substrate of the estuary."

yes? sounds right, but you didn’t ask a question.