One function of both alcohol fermentation and lactic acid fermentation is to a. oxidize nadh to nad+. b. reduce nad+ to nadh. c. reduce fad+ to fadh2. d. reduce fadh2 to fad+. e. none of the above

a. oxidize NADH to NAD+

Explanation:

Alcohol fermentation and lactic acid fermentation share a common step that is glycolysis. Since the organisms or cells that carry out the fermentation lack oxygen, oxidative phosphorylation can not oxidize NADH into NAD+. Without the supply of NAD+, glycolysis cannot occur as NAD+ serves as electron acceptor during redox reactions of glycolysis.  

To maintain the continuity of glycolysis, alcohol fermentation and lactic acid fermentation oxidize the NADH into NAD+ which in turn enter the glycolysis.  

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