Which of the following is not a characteristic of the northern boreal forest (taiga) biome?
a. prolonged winters (> 6 months)
b. extreme temperatures (-70 to +30 oc)
c. thin, nutrient poor soils
d. high biodiversity in the understory

d. High biodiversity in the understory.

Explanation:

The taiga or boreal forests are the largest biome in the world. These can be found in the regions of North America, Alaska, and United States. These regions exhibit extreme weather conditions. Typically long winters and moderate to high precipitation. The soil is permafrost and nutrient poor as no new organic matter can be added up to the soil due to it's freezing condition. The plant growth is scanty and biodiversity is low because organisms are incapable of surviving in the harsh weather conditions.

both anaerobic and aerobic respiration use glucose (or other carbohydrates), proteins and lipids to produce atp and nadh. cell uses those energy molecules, obtained from food and   breaks them down during the chemical reactions of respiration. in anaerobic respiration, nadh is regenerated to nad+ by enzymes lactate dehydrogenase (lactate is produced, e.g. in muscle cells) or by alcohol dehydrogenase where ethanol is produced (alcohol fermentation), while in aerobic respiration, electrons from nadh are deposited in the mitochondria to regenerate nad+ (electron transport chain. anaerobic respiration produces 2 atp per molecule of glucose compared to aerobic respiration where about 38 atp molecules are produced.

well, that's easy; the answer's c, "it reduces contamination of the water and substrate of the estuary."