1-. what energy source is directly used to drive the final enzyme in oxygenated, cellular respiration, the atp synthase?
a. proton motive force
b. calvin cycle
c. acetyl co-a breakdown
d. photosynthesis

a. Proton Motive Force

Explanation:

As a process presented in Bacteria, Mitochondria, and Chloroplasts, the chemiosmosis is important to generate ATP from ADP. In this process, we have two main components an electrical potential and a proton concentration gradient, that act in a process called proton-motive force. The ignition starts via the movement of electrons with different energy states via electron carriers.

ur answer is e & d

explanation:

thinking it would be physical characteristics