40. which of the following statements regarding substrate-level phosphorylation is correct?
a. does not involve phosphate transfer
b. does not produce atp
c. depends one distinct enzyme type
d. occurs twice in glycolysis

c. Depends one distinct enzyme type

Explanation:

Glycolysis is the common metabolic pathway to all living things and consists of the incomplete oxidation of the glucose in pyruvate and occurs in the cytosol of eukaryotes and prokaryotes. During the substrate-level phosphorylation ATP is generated when a high energy P is directly transferred from a compound phosphorylated (substrate) to ADP. P got its energy during an initial reaction, in which the substrate itself is oxidized. During this process one distinct enzyme (Succinyl CoA) type is used.

both anaerobic and aerobic respiration use glucose (or other carbohydrates), proteins and lipids to produce atp and nadh. cell uses those energy molecules, obtained from food and   breaks them down during the chemical reactions of respiration. in anaerobic respiration, nadh is regenerated to nad+ by enzymes lactate dehydrogenase (lactate is produced, e.g. in muscle cells) or by alcohol dehydrogenase where ethanol is produced (alcohol fermentation), while in aerobic respiration, electrons from nadh are deposited in the mitochondria to regenerate nad+ (electron transport chain. anaerobic respiration produces 2 atp per molecule of glucose compared to aerobic respiration where about 38 atp molecules are produced.

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