2. organisms that damage crop plants are the most costly of introduced species. weeds, pathogenic microbes, and arthropods that attack crops together account for half of the costs documented by pimentel’s team. what steps can we – farmers, policymakers, and all of us as a society – take to minimize the impacts of invasive species on crops?

ans.

dna fingerprinting is defined as a process that determines the dna characteristics of an individual. these dna characteristics are unique among individuals as their fingerprints, so it is known as dna fingerprinting.

steps of dna fingerprinting includes extraction of dna from sample, amplification of dna, restriction digestion of amplified dna, and then analysis of dna by gel electrophoresis, respectively.

thus, the next step performed by the scientist is 'to cut the amplified dna (obtained by polymerase chain reaction) by restriction enzymes that cleave the dna into fragments and their analysis.'

to figure the total magnification of an image that you are viewing through the microscope is really quite simple. to get the total magnification take the power of the objective (4x, 10x, 40x) and multiply by the power of the eyepiece, (usually 10x)