The principle of competitive exclusion means that a) niche subdivision can occur. b) a niche can be shared by two species. c) competing species cannot share a niche. d) a niche will evolve to support two species.

C

Explanation:

When two species share a common niche, then one is bound to exclude the other. This is due to the stiff competition for resources. The species with a slight advantage in acquiring the resources will edge out the other species from the environment. This has been demonstrated by George Gauss using two Paramecium species grown in the same media in the lab. P. aurelia outcompetes P. caudatum

1. efficient use of space

2. elimination of groundwater contamination

3. energy generation

4. lower carbon footprint