Question 18(multiple choice worth 2 points)
(02.01 mc)

which of the following correctly describes a reaction that forms a disaccharide from two monosaccharides?

cellulose + fructose → maltose
glucose + fructose → sucrose
glycogen + lactose → cellulose
lactose + glucose → galactose
question 19(multiple choice worth 2 points)
(02.04 mc)

while the average human is able to hold his or her breath for approximately one minute, a whale can dive for over 30 minutes without returning to the surface. which of the following correctly describes this difference?

whales need less energy than humans.
whales gather energy from their environment better than humans.
whales are able to conserve oxygen better than humans.
whales have cells that produce energy differently than humans.
question 20(multiple choice worth 2 points)
(02.03 lc)

which of the following organelles houses dna in eukaryotic cells?

endoplasmic reticulum
golgi apparatus
nucleus
mitochondria
question 21(multiple choice worth 2 points)
(02.01 mc)

which of the following best describes what happens to an enzyme after it catalyzes a chemical reaction?

its mass decreases since part of the molecule is used up.
it is unchanged and can be used again for the same chemical reaction.
it becomes chemically bonded to the products of the reaction.
its shape changes, giving it different chemical and physical properties.
question 22(multiple choice worth 2 points)
(02.01h mc)

based on what you know about life on earth, what might scientists be most likely to look for on other planets with regard to living organisms?

phospholipids
carbon
glucose
hydrogen
question 23(multiple choice worth 2 points)
(02.04 mc)

some muscle cells have the ability to produce more mitochondria if they are involved in regular exercise. which answer correctly describes a benefit of this ability?

cellular respiration rates would increase in the individual’s cells.
the individual would not need as much food as before.
more fat molecules would be burned by the individual.
the individual’s mass would increase due to the excess mitochondria.
question 24(multiple choice worth 2 points)
(02.01 hc)

while looking at a cell under a microscope, a scientist is able to see a biological molecule. this molecule is a nucleic acid with a ladder structure and contains the nitrogenous bases adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine. based on this information, what conclusion can the scientist draw regarding this nucleic acid?

the nucleic acid is rna and would be found in the cell’s nucleus.
the nucleic acid is rna and would be found in the cytoplasm.
the nucleic acid is dna and would be found in the cytoplasm.
the nucleic acid is dna and would be found in the cell’s nucleus.
question 25(multiple choice worth 2 points)
(02.06 mc)

why does darkness affect the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?

plants stop their daytime activities and rest during the night much like animals do.
light independent reactions need more heat energy than nighttime temperatures often provide.
mitochondria produce sugars more effectively in the darkness than chloroplasts do.
light independent reactions require the energy gathered in the thylakoids.
question 26(multiple choice worth 2 points)
(02.02 mc)

how are the proteins used for active transport different from those used for facilitated diffusion?

the proteins for facilitated diffusion must attach to a carbohydrate to work.
the proteins used in facilitated diffusion create larger openings in the cell membrane.
the proteins involved in active transport must be powered by atp to work.
the proteins that carry out active transport move only the largest molecules.