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when cells undergo meiosis, the result is four cells with chromosomes as the parent cell

twice as many

a varying number of

half as many

the same number of

Answer:-

The only correct option is half the no.(number) of chromosome with respect to the parents chromosomes.

Explanation:-

Meiosis is taken from a Greek word which means lessening.

As the parent cells undergo meiosis they creates 4 haploid daughter cells with the half/halve number of chromosomes.

So as you can see it, in meiosis the number of chromosomes are halved.

History of meiosis:-

Meiosis were first discovered in 1876 by a German(particularly from Berlin) biologist named Oscar Hertwig and later some details were studied in 1883.

For further details you can see video lectures from Khan Academy, Crush course and many more.

the two answers are a, the population of birds with large beaks will increase on the island, and c, the trait for large beaks will be passed on to future generations through natural selection. the reason for that is because if the birds that have beaks developed for eating small seeds lose all of their food, they will go hungry and eventually starve because they physically cannot eat the large seeds, therefore making the population of large beaked birds higher. also, if the trait of large beaks are dominant on the island over small beaks, then over time the large beaked birds will reproduce more and more, while the smaller beaked birds will reproduce less and less because they can't survive with the food provided. that leads to the trait of small beaks disappearing and the trait of large beaks taking over the island.