How the transpiration cohesion-tension mechanism explains water movements in plants

At night, when stomata close and transpiration stops, the water is held in the stem and leaf by the cohesion of water molecules to each other as well as the adhesion of water to the cell walls of the xylem vessels and tracheids. This is called the cohesion–tension theory of sap ascent.

any abiotic or biotic factor in an ecosystem that causes a population's size to slow or decrease is a limiting factor.