In order for a sedimentary rock (made of particles) to form, what must occur?

First, preexisting rocks must weather/erode, forming the sediment that will eventually form the sedimentary rock. Then, that sediment must settle someplace, and over a long period of time, pressure begins to build. This causes the sediments to become compacted. After a long period of time (and a lot of pressure), the sediments cement together and form a sedimentary rock. In a nutshell, sedimentary rocks form through compaction, cementation, and eventually... lithification. 
Hope that helped! 

It is evolution, because we all have some of the same traits like eye color or shape or ears.