What would happen to life on earth if the rate of photosynthesis and cellular respiration in all phototrophs were equal?

Obligate aerobic, non-phototrophic organisms will cease to exist due to lack of oxygen for respiration.

Explanation:

Phototrophs are organisms that have the capacity to use light to synthesize their foods in a process known as photosynthesis. During this process, phototrophs produce glucose and other carbohydrates using inorganic raw materials such as water and carbon dioxide. Oxygen is liberated in the process.

Cellular respiration is the opposite of photosynthesis. The food synthesized during photosynthesis is broken down in the presence of oxygen to release the locked energy which is necessary for proper functioning of organisms. Water and carbon dioxide is produced in the process.

Usually, there is almost always a net glucose production, meaning that photosynthesis rate is always higher than the rate of cellular respiration. This leads to net oxygen production. Aerobic animals depend on this oxygen from autotrophs for their own respiration and energy production.

Hence, if the rate of photosynthesis balances the rate of cellular respiration in phototrophs, there will not be net oxygen production and respiration in obligately aerobic non-autotroph organisms will cease, leading to their non-existence.

step 1: initiation

initiation is the beginning of transcription. it occurs when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

step 2: elongation

elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

step 3: termination

termination is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.