Which motion of paricles across a membrane requires energy

it would affect precipitation by causing flooding in some areas of the world due to climate increasing, causing the glaciers in the northern and southern pole of our planet to melt.

i wish you would have provided choices to simplify it and allow me to give an exact answer.

the sugar-phosphate backbone forms the structural framework of nucleic acids, including dna and rna. this backbone is composed of alternating sugar and phosphate groups, and defines directionality of the molecule.