Membrane vesicles containing an internal sodium chloride (nacl) concentration of 0.14 m are placed into separate beakers each containing a different solution. the first beaker contains 0.14 m sucrose, while the second beaker contains 0.14 m calcium chloride (cacl2). the temperature is 25°c. what is the solute potential inside the vesicles, expressed in units of mpa?

The genetic code is essentially the same for all organisms. based on this information, one can logically assume which of the following statements to be correct? a. dna was the first genetic material. b. the same codons in different organisms translate into the different amino acids. c. different organisms have different numbers of different types of amino acids. d. a gene from an organism can theoretically be expressed by any other organism. e. all organisms have experienced convergent evolution.