How do the strategically placed covalent and hydrogen bonds present in dna facilitate the functioning of the molecule

Answer and explanation;DNA is a double stranded molecule. Covalent and hydrogen bonds pray important roles in the functioning of DNA molecules. Covalent bonds occur within each linear strand and strongly bond the nucleotide bases, sugars, and phosphate groups occurring both within each component and between components. Hydrogen bonds occur between the two strands and involve a base from one strand with a base from the second in complementary pairing.Hydrogen bonds helps the complementary base pairs in DNA; guanine with cytosine and adenine with thymine to connect to one another. The hydrogen bonds between these complementary pairs helps keep the two strands of DNA helix together.

answer: - b cells

explanation: -

there are many types of white blood cells present in our body. one such class of white blood cells are the lymphocytes. the b cells belong to the lymphocyte class of wbcs. the b cells perform their action against the pathogen by producing specialised proteins called as antibodies. these antibodies are produced as and when the b cells encounter pathogens in response to the antigens present on the surface of the pathogen. these antibodies bind to the antigens present on the pathogen and then, target them for destruction by other cells of the immune system.

so, the b cells mediate their action by identifying the antigens present on the surface of the pathogens and then producing antibodies in return to mediate its effect.