Broad-leafed trees in a temperate zone lose their leaves to survive the extreme temperatures of summer to survive a lack of rain in the dry season to survive colder seasonal temperatures to allow for greater penetration of sunlight

Broad-leaf trees deep their leaves in colder seasonal temperatures.

Trees with broader leaves usually drop their eaves during winter season to protect them from cold temperatures. It helps them to protect from leaf freezing because leaf freezing can lead to no energy production.  

In some plants, in order to bear cold temperatures, plants develop a thick, waxy coating on each needle which protects against the cold weather.

Some examples of deciduous trees are given: Blue spruce, Eastern white pine, Oak, Elm etc

it has to be understood that the sea water contains a huge amount of sodium and chlorine ions and if they enter the cell of the atlantic cod fish, the cell will shrivel and the fish will die. to avoid such a condition, the fish uses active transport for the purpose of removing the ions against the gradient.

explanation:

the atlantic cod is not a maritime osmoconformer. its native application of salts is less than that of the seawater it lives in. it is continually falling water from the gills to the ocean via osmosis.

countering that, the fish is going to be swallowing seawater. but since its internal collection of salts is lower than seawater, the fish will want to go free of excess salt, and since that's going upon a gradient, then active transport, requiring energy, must be used to pump out the salt. much marine fish use the organs to filter out the salt and these fish discharge very straight urine.