What two traits must be pleiotropic in order for sympatric speciation to occur in heliconius butterflies?

During photosynthesis, hydrogen ions are most directly used to in the chloroplast pictured above. a) make glucose b) make chlorophyll c) produce carbon dioxide d) drive the production of atp

An enzymatic hydrolysis of fructose-1-p, fructose-1-p(aq) + h2o(l) - fructose (aq) + pi (aq) was allowed to proceed to equilibrium at 25°c. the original concentration of fructose-1-p was 0.2 m, but when the system had reached equilibrium, the concentration of fructose-1-p was only 6.52 x 10^-5 m. calculate the equilibrium constant for this reaction and the free energy of hydrolysis of fructose-1-p.

Which is abiotic? a. tree sap b. insect c. sunlight d. wood table